MAZDA 323 petrol models can be equipped with a variable or non-controlled catalyst. A controlled catalyst requires a controlled blending agent.
Variable-charger means a carburetor or an injection system in which the fuel-to-air ratio can constantly change depending on the operating mode and the oxygen content in the exhaust gases. This is not possible with the old carburetor, as it does not have a corresponding control device. Therefore, either an electronically controlled carburetor or a fuel injection system is used.
The mixture generator receives control signals from the lambda probe, which is located in the front of the system and is blown by the exhaust gas flow. The lambda probe is an electrical sensor that indicates the residual oxygen content in the exhaust gases in the form of electrical oscillations and allows you to draw a conclusion about the composition of the air-fuel mixture. In a fraction of a second, the lambda probe can send the appropriate signal to the air-fuel mixture control element, so that the optimum fuel-to-air ratio can be maintained. On the one hand, this is necessary, since the operating modes are constantly changing (idle, full throttle), on the other hand, because afterburning in the catalyst can only occur if there is a sufficient proportion of gasoline in the exhaust gases. That. In order for post-combustion to occur in the catalyst at a temperature of +300°...+800°C, it is necessary that the air-fuel mixture has more fuel than in pure combustion.
A three-functional catalyst is widely used. This means that with such a catalyst based on lambda regulation, carbon monoxide is simultaneously oxidized (SO) and hydrocarbon (NS), as well as a decrease in nitric oxide (N0x)