Each engine is turned on during operation using a switch, which is controlled mainly by hands. For an antenna with an electric motor, the switch is automatically controlled by the radio.
Check the fuse of the relevant motor and replace if necessary.
Note: For power windows and central locking, the cause of the overload must be eliminated before being reactivated. This can be, for example, icing on windows and locks or contamination of the door glass guides.
If the fuse blows immediately, a short circuit is assumed.
To accurately determine if the motor is in good condition, connect two auxiliary wires (diameter 2 mm) to the engine directly from the battery, observing the polarity of the connection. Positive (positive) contact in doubtful cases can be determined from the electrical diagrams. To do this, if necessary, remove the motor. All electric motors in a car are powered by battery voltage (12 to 14 V). If the engine now runs normally, then the voltage supply circuit is faulty.
Note: If the motor runs very slowly or stops, this indicates worn brushes. In these cases, the brushes need to be replaced.
If the engine is running, then from the electrical circuit, you need to determine which wire supplies voltage to the engine when the switch is closed and the ignition is on (not in all cases).
Check the voltage supply wire to the engine with a test lamp. Since electric motors consume a lot of current, you can use a conventional two-wire incandescent lamp for testing. This is the easiest way to check the voltage supply. Motors that - can rotate left/right, such as electric window motors, have two positive contacts.
Attention: Checking the wiper motor is described in the appropriate chapter.
If there is no voltage to the motor, then the voltage supply circuit is faulty. The malfunction of this circuit must be searched for using electrical circuits. Due to the high current consumption, electric motors are usually connected using additional relays. Relay testing is described in one of the following sections.
If there is no fault in the circuit, test the switch.
If the wire is defective, it is often easier to lay a new wire, because. it is quite difficult to determine the location of the fault in the wire.