The gearbox converts the torque transmitted from the engine in magnitude and direction. This is necessary to ensure optimal speed, high cross-country ability of the vehicle and engine efficiency, as well as for reversing the vehicle. The gearbox separates the engine and transmission when the vehicle is stopped and parked, and when it coasts with the engine running.
All models with a manual transmission are equipped with a 5- or 4-speed gearbox combined in one unit with a differential and final drive. Torque from the engine is transmitted through the gearbox and final drive to the differential, which in turn distributes it between the drive shafts. All forward gears are engaged via synchromesh, and the shift lever engages the internal shift mechanism via the shift shaft.
The procedures for removing and repairing the gearbox are described taking into account the fact that the bearings of the gearbox do not require replacement and the pressed elements are installed in their original positions. Installing new bearings or shafts means that the thickness of the preload spacers must be determined, but it uses special tools and techniques that are not available to the amateur mechanic.
Therefore, if the transmission is damaged or worn as a result of normal operation, then the best way out may be to install a new or repair unit.