Contents: Removal ⇓ Installation ⇓
High engine oil consumption may indicate worn valve stem seals (oil scraper caps). These seals can also be removed with the cylinder head installed. To do this, you will need a suitable valve spring compressor, a clamp for removing the seals, and a source of compressed air with a device for connecting it to the spark plug hole.
Removal
With the ignition off, disconnect the negative cable from the battery. This may erase the data from the electronic memory units. See the instructions in the chapter "Electrical equipment".
Ford Fiesta/Mazda 121: loosen the intake pipe clamps on the air filter and on the intake manifold, remove the intake pipe.
Ford KA: remove the air filter.
Disconnect the gas cable (rod) from the throttle body and from the support, put it aside.
Remove the plug (1) and the idle air control valve (2).
Disconnect the support (3) for the throttle control cable.
Remove all spark plug connectors by pulling on the connector, not the high-voltage wire. It is best to mark the high-voltage wires so as not to confuse them during subsequent installation.
Remove the spark plugs.
Remove the oil filler cap.
Remove the valve cover, rocker arm shaft and valve lifter rods without mixing them up.
Screw a suitable adapter into the spark plug hole to supply compressed air.
If there is no adapter, then one can be made from an old spark plug and a suitable hose.
To do this, cut off the ground electrode (1) on the old spark plug. Break the ceramic insulator (2) with a screwdriver, swing the central electrode (3) back and forth and pull it out. Remove the remains of the central electrode together with the glass insulator (4) and the connecting pin (5) using a suitable punch with a diameter of about 3 mm. To do this, clamp the spark plug in a vice.
Caution! The spark plug thread must not be damaged, otherwise the threaded hole for the spark plug in the cylinder head will be damaged.
Screw the adapter into the hole of the corresponding cylinder and connect it to the compressed air supply hose.
Compressed air at a pressure of 7-10 bar must be constantly supplied to the cylinder through the hose.
Caution! Do not remove valve springs without supplying compressed air, otherwise the valves and pistons may be damaged.
Secure the valve spring compressor to the cylinder head with a bolt. Compress the valve spring, remove the crackers and release the valve spring.
Caution! When removing the crackers, make sure that the valve stem is not damaged by the pressed valve spring plate. Otherwise, the valve will have to be replaced, since a damaged valve stem will not provide the necessary seal. This will result in increased oil consumption and wear of the valve guide.
Remove the valve spring retainer and valve spring.
Remove the valve stem seal (2). Use a special tool (1) for this purpose.
Installation
Put on the plastic protective sleeve (2) (usually supplied with a set of seals) onto the valve stem. Lightly lubricate the valve stem seal (1) and, using a special tube, carefully push it onto the valve guide sleeve. Remove the protective sleeve and tube.
Caution! If the installation is carried out without the plastic protective sleeve, the valve stem seal will be damaged. As a result, the engine will consume too much oil.
Install the valve spring and valve spring retainer. Compress the spring.
Insert the valve crackers. Release the valve spring.
Install the remaining valve stem seals in the same manner.
Install the push rods and rocker arm shaft.
Adjust the valve clearance.
Replace a worn or damaged valve cover gasket. Install the valve cover and tighten its bolts evenly and lightly (moment - 6 Nm).
Install the oil filler cap.
Unscrew the adapter for supplying compressed air. Screw the spark plugs into the head by hand until they stop, without distorting them. Then tighten the plugs to a torque of 20 Nm.
Install the high-voltage wires on the spark plugs in accordance with the marks made earlier and secure them in the holder on the valve cover.
Install the idle air control valve, install the plug.
Install the throttle cable support.
Attach the throttle cable and adjust it.
Ford Fiesta/Mazda 121: place the intake pipe on the air filter and on the intake manifold, secure it with clamps
Ford KA: Install air filter.
Connect the negative cable to the battery. Set the clock and enter the codes.