Camber angle – this is the angle of inclination of the wheel in relation to the road surface in the vertical plane. It can be positive if the wheels are tilted outward, or negative if the wheels are tilted inward. The camber angle mainly influences lateral forces.
Wheel alignment – is defined as the difference between the distances between the front and rear sides of the wheel rims reduced by half. Positive toe-in means the front wheels are closer together than the rear wheels, when measured at the wheel's midpoint height. Negative toe means that the front wheels are further apart than the rear wheels. Toe-in affects the vehicle's straightness and controllability, and compensates for the resulting kinematic changes in suspension geometry under the action of traction force.
Stabilization shoulder – is the distance between the point of contact of the wheel and the point of intersection of the axis of rotation of the wheel with the road when viewed from the side. Determines the magnitude of the stabilizing moment, affects directional stability and steering forces when cornering.
Lateral inclination of the wheel steering axis – this is the angle between the axis of inclination of the steering knuckle and the vertical drawn through the wheel mounting point, when viewed in the longitudinal direction of the car. Affects the control force (steering sensitivity) along with other angles.
(The article is copied from the resource: MazBook)
Due to the camber angles and the lateral tilt of the steering axis, the points of contact of the wheels with the road are located closer to the axis of the steering knuckle. This maintains the so-called "running-in range." The shorter the "running-in range," the easier the car is to control. In addition, impacts from uneven surfaces are less transmitted to the steering wheel.
Longitudinal tilt of the wheel steering axis – The axis around which the wheel rotates is placed in space so that its lower part is tilted forward. This angle of longitudinal inclination is called positive. With a positive angle value, the spontaneous return of the wheel to the center position after a turn is improved.
Checking and adjusting wheel alignment angles must be carried out at a service station due to the need to use complex equipment.
Technical data
