On a cold engine, it is impossible to achieve the ignition temperature of the fuel through compression alone. In this case, the engine is heated (preheated). For this purpose, each swirl chamber of a diesel engine has a glow plug that heats up the combustion chamber.
Fuel is sucked directly from the fuel tank by the high-pressure fuel pump (HPFP). The pump creates the required high pressure (about 130 bar) and the fuel is distributed among the cylinders in accordance with the ignition sequence. At the same time, the fuel injection pump regulator doses the fuel supply depending on the degree of activation of the gas pedal. At a certain point in time, diesel fuel is injected through injectors into the pre-combustion chamber of the corresponding cylinder. Depending on the shape of the pre-chamber, or swirl chamber, the intake air, under the influence of compression, acquires a swirl motion, which promotes optimal mixing of air and injected fuel.
Before reaching the high-pressure fuel pump, the fuel passes through a fuel filter. There it is cleaned of impurities and water. Therefore, it is especially important to drain the water from the filter or replace it in accordance with the maintenance schedule.
The high pressure fuel pump does not require maintenance. All moving parts of the pump are lubricated with diesel fuel. The pump is driven by a toothed belt.
Being self-igniting, a diesel engine cannot be switched off by removing the ignition voltage and has an electromagnetic valve for this purpose. When the ignition switch is turned off, power is removed from the valve and it closes the fuel supply channel. This ensures that the fuel supply is interrupted before the steering wheel is locked when the ignition key is removed. When the engine starts, voltage is supplied through the ignition switch to the solenoid valve and it opens the fuel supply channel.
Caution: Maintain cleanliness when working with the diesel engine injection system.
(Data provided by the website: «mazbook.ru»)