Cars are equipped with specially designed belts that must only be replaced with belts of the same type.
The number of belts used on a vehicle depends on the equipment installed. Belts are used to drive the generator, power steering pump and air conditioning compressor. Depending on the arrangement of the pulleys, one belt can be used to drive several units.
Figure 2.7. Location and place (a) for measuring the deflection of the generator drive belt: 1 – generator pulley; 2 – adjusting bolt
The location of the belts on the engine is shown in the figure 2.7, 2.8, 2.9, 2.10.
Figure 2.8. Location and place (a) for measuring the deflection of the alternator and power steering pump drive belt: 1 – power steering pump pulley
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Figure 2.9. Location and measurement points for the deflection of the V-belts for the generator drive (a), air conditioning compressor and power steering pump (b): 1 – adjusting bolt; 2 – adjusting bar bolt; 3 – air conditioning compressor pulley; 4 – power steering pump pulley
Figure 2.10. Location for measuring the deflection of the generator drive V-belt (a) and air conditioning compressor (b): 1 – drive pulley; 2 – lock nut; 3, 4 – adjusting bolts; 5 – adjusting bar bolt; 6 – air conditioning compressor pulley
While turning the engine crankshaft, turn the poly V-belt a few turns and visually inspect its condition. This is the only way to see all surfaces of the poly V-belt, as the belt often has only one, but deep, crack, which, when inspected, can be located exactly on the pulley. If there are any defects, replace the poly V-belt immediately.
The tension of each belt is checked by measuring the deflection when pressing on the belt at the center between the pulleys (at the points indicated by the arrows in the figure 2.7, 2.8, 2.9, 2.10). Press firmly on the belt with your thumb and measure the belt deflection with a ruler.
Tension (and weakening) the belt is adjusted by a tensioning mechanism. Each engine unit is secured with adjusting and hinge bolts, which must be released to move the unit. The tension of the power steering and air conditioning compressor drive belt is adjusted by turning only the idler pulley adjusting bolt. Before adjustment, it is necessary to loosen the idler pulley lock nut and tighten it after adjustment is completed.
After loosening the bolts, move the unit away from the engine to increase belt tension or toward the engine to decrease belt tension. While holding the unit in this position, check the belt tension. If the tension is normal, carefully tighten the two bolts, then recheck the tension. To move the unit when adjusting the belt tension, you can use a mounting paddle. Use it very carefully so as not to damage the unit being moved or the element being used as a stop.
To replace, loosen the tension on the old belt and remove it from the pulleys. If two belts are installed, the belt furthest from the engine must be removed from the engine first, even if it does not require replacement. Install a new belt and adjust its tension, keeping in mind that the tension of a new belt is different from the tension of a used belt. After driving the vehicle for a short period of time, check the belt tension again.